视觉传感是人类感知外界、认知世界的主要途径，研究表明人类获取的外界信息大约有80%是来自于视觉。作为感知外界信息的“电子眼球”，视觉传感器是消费电子、机器视觉、安防监控、科学探测、军事侦察等领域的核心器件。近年来视觉传感器技术发展迅速，不同类型的传感器从不同维度提供丰富的视觉数据，不断增强人类感知与认知能力提升，视觉传感器研究工作具有重要的理论与应用需求。 本报告以典型光学视觉传感器技术为主线，通过综合国内外文献和相关报道，从CCD图像传感器、CMOS图像传感器、智能视觉传感器以及红外图像传感器等研究方向，梳理论述近年来光学视觉传感器技术的发展现状、前沿动态、热点问题和趋势。

Visual sensing is the main way for humans to perceive the outside world. Research has shown that about 80% of the outside information by humans comes from the vision. As an "electronic eyeball" to perceive outside information, visual sensors are the core device in consumer electronics, machine vision, security monitoring, scientific detection, military reconnaissance and other fields. In recent years, visual sensor technology has developed rapidly. Different types of sensors provide rich visual data from different dimensions, which significantly enhance the human perception and cognitive ability.Through comprehensive literature and reports at home and abroad, this report discusses the development, hot issues and trends of optical visual sensor technology, including CCD image sensor, CMOS image sensor, intelligent visual sensor and infrared image sensor.