空间方向关系形式化模型是空间关系研究的重要内容,然而对特殊方向关系("包围","在…和…之间"等)表达方法的研究尚不成熟。首先分析了目前存在的特殊方向关系形式化模型的特点和缺陷,然后介绍了四叉树直方图的基本思想和构造方法,接着详细阐述了基于四叉树直方图的特殊空间方向关系的判定方法,最后采用人工图片和真实图片作为算例与现有模型进行了对比实验,实验结果表明该模型能够针对"包围"和"在…和…之间"等特殊方向关系获得接近人类认知的判定结果,并且克服了现有模型存在的问题。

The formal model of the spatial directional relation is one of the most important parts in the area of spatial relation. However, the research on the expression method of special directional relation is still immature. In this paper, the characteristics and defects of the recent special directional relation models are analyzed first; Second the basic idea, and the construction method of the quadtree histogram are introduced; third a new expression method to judge the special directional relation based on quadtree histogram is described in detail; finally, to prove the correctness of the method, several contrast experiments are given based on synthetic and real images. The experimental results show that the model can get close to the verdict like human cognition for special directional relation and overcome the problems of the existing models.