A 20-year retrospect and prospect of medical imaging artificial intelligence in China

Xi Jiang; Yixuan Yuan; Yaping Wang; Zhenxiang Xiao; Meilu Zhu; Zehua Chen; Tianming Liu; Dinggang Shen

doi:10.11834/jig.211162

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A 20-year retrospect and prospect of medical imaging artificial intelligence in China
Vol. 27, Issue 3, Pages: 655-671(2022)
Received：03 December 2021，

Revised：2022-1-5，

Accepted：12 January 2022，

Published：16 March 2022
DOI： 10.11834/jig.211162
稿件说明：

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DOI：

Xi Jiang, Yixuan Yuan, Yaping Wang, Zhenxiang Xiao, Meilu Zhu, Zehua Chen, Tianming Liu, Dinggang Shen. A 20-year retrospect and prospect of medical imaging artificial intelligence in China[J]. Journal of Image and Graphics, 2022, 27(3): 655-671. DOI： 10.11834/jig.211162.

摘要

在过去20年里，医学影像技术、人工智能技术以及这两项技术相结合的临床应用都取得了长足发展。中国在该领域的研究也取得卓越成就，并且在全世界范围内的贡献比例仍在逐步提高。为了记录和总结国内同行的科研成果，本文对中国医学影像人工智能过去20年的发展历程进行回顾和展望。重点分析了国内同行在公认的医学影像人工智能领域的国际顶级刊物Medical Image Analysis(MedIA)和IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging(TMI)以及顶级会议Medical Image Computing and Computer Assisted Intervention(MICCAI)发表的论文，定量统计了论文发表数量、作者身份、发表单位、作者合作链、关键词和被引次数等信息。同时总结了近20年中国医学影像人工智能发展进程中的重要事件，包括举办的医学影像人工智能知名国际和国内会议、《中国医学影像AI白皮书》的发布以及国内同行在COVID-19(corona virus disease 2019)期间的贡献，最后展望了中国医学影像人工智能领域未来的发展趋势。上述统计结果系统性地反映了在过去20年里中国在医学影像人工智能领域所取得的突出成绩。许多研究论文的作者将数据和源代码公开给全世界共享，为全世界医学影像人工智能的科研和教学做出了杰出贡献。通过本文中国医学影像人工智能领域的发展历程，可为医学影像人工智能同行，尤其为新一代的学者和学生提供科研和教学参考，也为继续促进和加强国际合作交流，为全世界该领域进一步的蓬勃发展做出重要贡献。

Abstract

The development of medical imaging

artificial intelligence (AI) and clinical applications derived from AI-based medical imaging has been recognized in past two decades. The improvement and optimization of AI-based technologies have been significantly applied to various of clinical scenarios to strengthen the capability and accuracy of diagnosis and treatment. Nowadays

China has been playing a major role and making increasing contributions in the field of AI-based medical imaging. More worldwide researchers in the context of AI-based medical imaging have contributed to universities and institutions in China. The number of research papers published by Chinese scholars in top international journals and conferences like AI-based medical imaging has dramatically increased annually. Some AI-based medical imaging international conferences and summits have been successfully held in China. There is an increasing number of traditional medical

internet technology and AI enterprises contributing to the research and development of AI-based medical imaging products. More collaborative medical research projects have been implemented for AI-based medical imaging. The Chinese administrations have also planned relevant policies and issued strategic plans for AI-based medical imaging

and included the intelligent medical care as one of the key tasks for the development of new generation of AI in China in 2030. In order to review China's contribution for AI-based medical imaging

we conducted a 20 years review for AI-based medical imaging forecasting in China. Specifically

we summarized all papers published by Chinese scholars in the top AI-based medical imaging journals and conferences including Medical Image Analysis (MedIA)

IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging (TMI)

and Medical Image Computing and Computer Assisted Intervention (MICCAI) in the past 20 years. The detailed quantitative metrics like the number of published papers

authorship

affiliations

author's cooperation network

keywords

and the number of citations were critically reviewed. Meanwhile

we briefly summarized some milestone events of AI-based medical imaging in China

including the renowned international and domestic conferences in AI-based medical imaging held in China

the release of the "The White Paper on Medical Imaging Artificial Intelligence in China"

as well as China's contributions during the COVID-19(corona virus desease 2019) pandemic. For instance

the total number of published papers in the past 20 years and the proportion of published papers in 2021 by Chinese affiliations have reached to 333 and 37.29% in MedIA

601 and 42.26% in TMI

and 985 and 44.26% in MICCAI. In those published papers by Chinese institutes

the proportion of the first and the corresponding Chinese authors is 71.97% in MedIA

69.64% in TMI

and 77.4% in MICCAI in 2021. The average number of citations per paper by Chinese institutes is 22

and 9 in MedIA

TMI

and MICCAI

respectively. In all published papers by Chinese institutes

the predominant research methods were transformed from conventional approaches to sparse representation in 2012

and to deep learning in 2017

which were close to the latest developmental trend of AI technologies. Besides conventional applications such as medical image registration

segmentation

reconstruction and computer-aided diagnosis

etc.

the published papers also focused on healthcare quick response in terms of COVID-19 pandemic. The China-derived data and source codes have been sharing in the global context to facilitate worldwide AI-based medical imaging research and education. Our analysis could provide a reference for international scientific research and education for newly Chinese scholars and students based on the growth of the global AI-based medical imaging. Finally

we promoted technology forecasting on AI-based medical imaging as mentioned below. First

strengthen the capability of deep learning for AI-based medical imaging further

including optimal and efficient deep learning

generalizable deep learning

explainable deep learning

fair deep learning

and responsible and trustworthy deep learning.Next

improve the availability and sharing of high-quality and benchmarked medical imaging datasets in the context of AI-based medical imaging development

validation

and dissemination are harnessed to reveal the key challenges in both basic scientific research and clinical applications. Third

focus on the multi-center and multi-modal medical imaging data acquisition and fusion

as well as integration with natural language such as diagnosis report. Fourth

awake doctors' intervention further to realize the clinical applications of AI-based medical imaging. Finally

conduct talent training

international collaboration

as well as sharing of open source data and codes for worldwide development of AI-based medical imaging.

关键词

Keywords

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