在机载通信链路带宽有限的条件下，SAR图像的有损压缩是解决实时性和带宽限制的可行方案。提出了一种基于图像分解的敏感目标区域自动提取与保护的SAR图像压缩策略。首先将SAR图像分解为结构分量和纹理分量，然后在纹理分量中对包含潜在目标的区域进行检测，生成敏感目标区域掩码，最后对潜在目标区域进行保护性的低损压缩，对背景区域进行高损压缩。实验结果表明，恢复后的图像与标准的JPEG2000算法相比在同样的码率条件下具有更好的视觉效果。

The bandwidth restricts airborne communication,so compression airborne SAR image with loss is a feasible way to enhance the real-time performance and image quantity. This paper proposed a SAR image compression strategy which extracts and protects target regions based on image decomposing technology. Firstly, the SAR image is decomposed into structure component and texture component. Then the target information is detected and classified from the texture component to construct ROI mask. Finally, the ROI mask is used to protect the important target information during compression by allocating more bits to it while reducing bit allocation to the residual.The experimental results indicate that the reconstructed image using the proposed approach has better visual effect than those processed by JPEG2000 arithmetic under the same bit rate.